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Temples
& Legends Of India |
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SOMANATHA
- THE SHRINE ETERNAL |
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Kulapati's
Preface |
Author |
It
is our intension to publish the books we select, not only in
English, but also in the following Indian language; Hindi,
Bengal, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu.,
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K.M.Mushi's
versatility and achievements were in a unique. He was an
eminent lawyer, one of the framers of India's constitutions
and a seasoned statesman.
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Preface
To the first Edition |
Preface
To The Second Edition |
On the occasion of
the installation of Somanatha, I decided to collect whatever I
knew or had done in connection with Somanatha.
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Brief
explanation by Author regarding the second Explanation.
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Publisher's
Note: Fourth Edition |
Abbreviations |
Publisher's
brief explanation regarding the fourth edition of
"Somanatha-the Shrine Eternal"
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Some
of the abbreviations in this book....
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List
Of Illustrations |
Somanatha-Lord
Of Soma, The Moon God |
Some
important illustrations regarding this temple Somanatha.
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The
shrine of Somanatha is situated in Prabhasa Patan or Devapattana,
on the southern coast of Saurashtra.
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Prabhasa
In Historical Tradition |
Dehotsarga-The
Hallowed Spot |
Prabhasa
was traditionally sacred place even in the days of Dharma raj,
the son of Pandu.
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Saurashtra
was the adopted home of Shri Krishna acclaimed for centuries
as ' God Himself', and no greater or richer integrated personality.,,
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Shiva-Guardian
Of National Resurgence |
Shiva
And His Worship |
The
is an ancient tradition, not to be discarded even on
geological grounds, that the low-lying land between the
mainland and Saurashtra was once covered by the sea .
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The
worship of shiva and His consort shakti dates from
pre-historic times and is today the basic layer of religious
belief in India.
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The
First And The Second Temples |
The
Third Temple |
Another
parallel tradition connects Prabhasa with the Pashupata cult
as a very important and ancient branch of Shiva worship.
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The
years A.D. 725-26 were fateful for India. In A.D. 726 Junayad
was succeeded by Tamim as the governor of Sindh.
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The
Guardian God Of Gujarat |
Rise
Of A Destroyer |
In
A.D.942, Mularaja, the son of Raji and Liladevi, driven from
his ancestral kingdom, captured Anahilavada Patan.
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When
the power of Gujaradesha and Karnataka had been broken around
A.D.940 and the extreme south had begun to build a great
empire.
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Destruction
of The Third Temple |
The
Fifth Temple |
In
A.D. 1022, Bhima, the son of Nagaraja (the brother of
Durlabharaja) by the queen Lakshmi Devi , (the daughter of the
Chahamana of Naddula), came to the throne of Anahilavada Patan.
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Emperor
Bhoja of Malwa died in A.D.1055. Karna of Chedi aided by
Bhima of Anahilavad, invaded Malwa and possibly dethroned
Jayasimha.
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Renovation
Of Tripurantaka |
Destruction
By All-Ud-Din Khilji |
For
over a hundred years after the Fifth Temple was built by Bhava
Brihaspati in A.D.1169, Saurashtra continued to be under the
Chalukyas .
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By
A.D.1290 a change came over the sultanate of Delhi. So
far it was the military camp of foreign Turks, from where they
carried fire and sword to all parts of the country.
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The
Shrine Rises Again And Again |
A
Destroyer And A Restorer |
Soon
after Alla-ud-din's General damaged the temple and broke the
idol of Somanatha, the temple was repaired by Mahipala.
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By
1675 Hindu India was ready to overthrow the intolerable rule
of the fanatic Aurangzeb.
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A
Great Restorer Rises |
AS
I Saw It |
As
the British established their ascendancy over the country, the
rights of the Gaekwads of Baroda over the temple were
progressively ignored.
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In
January of 1948, at the invitation of Samaldas Gandhi, the Gujarati
Sahitya Parishad was held at Junagadh under my Presidentship.
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Planning:
University Of Sanskrit |
Preparation-Advisory
Committee and The Trust |
In
the beginning, some persons, more fond of dead stones
than live values, pressed the point of view that the ruins of
the old temple should be maintained as ancient monument.
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On February
15, 1949, the States Ministry issued a directed that it was no
longer necessary for the temple or any land in Prabhasa Patan
to vest in the government of India.
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Dehotsarga |
Somanatha-The
Shrine Eternal |
On
July 3, 1950, I went to Dehotsarga to plant a tree in
celebration of the first All-India Vana Mahotsava.
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His Highness
the Jam Saheb laid the foundation stone of the Seventh Temple
on May 8, 1950.
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The
Days Of Aurangzeb |
The
Mystery Of The Two Outlets: The First Temple |
The
romance ran backwards. Aurangzeb, the fanatic was the
last ruler in whose reign this temple saw the worship of
Somanatha.
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Going
backwards in the order of events: when was the temple
renovated prior to 1590, the year carved on the dark yellow
stone?
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The
Second, Third And Fourth Temples |
The
Fifth Temple |
In
the north-east corner was found a stone inscription in Brahmi
lipi of the Valabhi period (500-700).
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On the plinth of the
Fourth Temple, the fifth Temple was erected.
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Topography |
Historical
Background |
The
town of Somanatha - Pattan, locally known as Patan
(20" -53' north lat, and 70* -24' east long.) is situated
on the south - western coast of Saurashtra in the traditional
Prabhasa Kshetra.
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The
origin of the temple of Somanatha is shrouded in
obscurity; nor is its history complete as revealed by
legends and traditions.
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Introductory
To Excavations |
Objects
Of The Excavations And A summary Of The Results |
From
the foregoing account it is clear that the temple was more or
less neglected after the first quarter of the 18th century and
was fast falling into ruins.
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As
already stated, the history of this temple suffers from lack
of material evidence.
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Descriptions
Of The Cuttings |
Conclusion:
Identification And chronology Of The 'Original' Temple |
Previous
excavation in the garbhagriha had exposed in its northern wall
tow water-outlets, one below the other, and two brahmashila of which one was found in situ.....
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It
is always best to proceed from the particular to the general,
from the known to the unknown; to try to relate a particular
enquiry to some matter of general interest.
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Muslim
Chroniclers On Somanatha |
Stone
Inscription In The Temple Of Bhadrakali |
Abi
Raihan-Al biruni, who accompanied Sultan Mahmud to India and
compiled his work on Indian culture, philosophy, astronomy
geography etc.,,
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Somanatha
Patan is a small town under Junagadh on the south - west coast
of Kathiawad.
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Stone
Inscription At Veraval Under Bhima Deva II Of Junagadh |
Cintra
Prashasti Of The Reign Of Saranga Deva |
May
Somesvara bless you, who is like a Kalpa tree in the Kaliyuga,
who is like the moon to the ocean of the excess of happiness
consisting of supreme bliss.
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A
copy of the subjoined inscription was first published in
Murphy's Travel in Portugal (1798) together with the
translation of Sir Charles Wilkins.
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Appendix |
The
restoration of the hoary temple of Somanatha which contains
the first of the twelve Jyotir lingas was an act of historic
justice that warmed the heart of the nation.
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