Kulapati 's
preface |
Author |
It is our intension to publish
the books we select , not only in English, but also in the following Indian languages:
Hindi, Bengal, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu etc., [More....] |
CHAKRAVARTI
RAJAGOPALACHARI,
popularly known as 'Rajaji" or "C.R" was a great patriot,
astute politician, incisive thinker, and one of the greatest of Indians. [More....] |
Foreword |
Preface To The Original (Rochouse) Edition |
TIRUKKURAL is a poetic
composition of great antiquity in the Tamil literature, many great minds have shed their
powerful, radian light on this gem and justly famous classic of Tamil literature. [More....] |
Tiru - Valluvar's approach to
moral doctrine is marked by a very through knowledge of human psychology and a desire to
help imperfect men with practical hints in the struggle against evil. [More....] |
Preface To Revised Edition Of Kural |
Dharma |
This is a thoroughly revised
fourth edition of my book of selections from Tiru-Valluvar's great book. [More....] |
There is no greater wealth one
can acquire than Dharma and no misfortune greater than the forgetting of it. [More....] |
The Good House Holder |
The Life - partner |
The householder so -
called helps the other orders in the proper fulfilment of their duties.
[More....] |
She is a true life companion
who proves equal to the tasks of a householder's life, adjusting herself to the bread
winner's resources. [More....] |
Children |
A Loving Disposition |
Of all things
that one may be
blessed with , we can think of nothing equal to the house of having begot children who
have grown up to true enlightenment: [More....] |
Those who have
not a loving disposition, belong wholly to themselves.
[More....] |
An
Open House |
The Soft Word |
The only justification for a
man to remain in family life and for acquiring and keeping property is that he may command
the means by which help may be given to those who seek help: [More....] |
The speech of enlightened men
consists of truth soaked in affection: [More...] |
Gratitude |
Rectitude |
The good deed that is done not
in return, but in the first instance, is more precious than anything in this world or
beyond. [More....] |
The acquisition of a man of
rectitude go down to his children without diminution and will protect them against
adversity: [More....} |
Self - Control |
The Regulated life |
self - Control is as necessary
a virtue for the house holder as for the recluse. [More....] |
Discipline of life is more
precious than life itself, for it is out of that discipline that life derives value: [More....] |
Unlawful Life |
Forbearance |
It is stupidity to entertain
amorous thoughts about one who belongs to another. [More....] |
Does not the earth support the
man that is engaged in digging it? [More....] |
Do Not Envy |
Do Not Covet |
There is no greater wealth
than the possession of a mind that is free from envy:......... [More....] |
Azhukkaru is envy, an
inability to feel happy at the sight of another's well-being. [More...] |
Speak Not
ill Of Others |
Avoid Worthless Talk |
you may sometimes speak the
harshest things to a man's face, [More....] |
He who indulges in purposeless
talk causing disgust to his company earns universal contempt: [More....] |
Conscience |
Social Cooperation |
The title of the chapter
giving this and following couplets, is trepidation at the though of wrong-doing. [More....] |
What good did the creatures of
the earth do to the clouds that pour the rain? [More...] |
Helping The Poor |
Public Esteem |
That alone is a gift which is
given to the needy. Gifts to others are in the nature of business transactions where
in what is given is expected to be duty returned. [More....] |
Poverty is wealth if it is
brought about for causes that raise a man in the esteem of the world. [More...] |
Compassion |
Eat No Meat |
Diverse are the teaching of the
religions of the world, but in all will be found that compassion
is that which gives men
spiritual deliverance. [More....] |
How can a man adopt the way of
compassion, goring on the flesh of other beings
in order to fatten his own flesh? [More....] |
Penance |
Impure Life |
When Kural was written the
monastic life was common in South India. Tiru - Valluvar does not oppose it. [More....] |
If one has falsehood in his
heart and secretly breaks the law of celibacy the five elements that watch from inside his
body laugh at the futile fraud [More....] |
Truthfulness |
Against Anger |
Truthfulness is attained if
one's speech is such that it harms no being in the world:
[More]
|
He truly is
anger less who does not give vent to anger when the
wrong doer is under his power.
[More....] |
Do Not Cause Harm |
The Fleeting World |
The best punishment for those
who do evil to you, is to shame them by returning good for evil
[More....] |
Like the crowd that gather to
Seeta play comes dazzling wealth. [More....] |
Renunciation |
True Knowledge |
As one by one
you detach yourself
from the things of the world you are saved from pain in respect
of it: [More....] |
Those who have learnt to
perceive the Real will surely take the path leading to deliverance
from rebirth [More....] |
Renouncing Of Desire |
The Law Of Karma |
The desirelessness recommended in
Indian philosophy does not appeal to the modern mind which depends upon hope and faith in
human heart. [More....] |
The doctrine
of Karma as
enunciated in Hindu Shastras is accepted in toto and without any modification in the
Kural. [More....] |
Vigilance |
Industriousness |
The neglectfulness that is apt
to arise out of the intoxication of achievement is more harmful than even inordinate
anger: [More....] |
Family virtues (i.e. inherited
qualities) naturally persist, but are apt to
disappear unless kept up by unflagging
industry.... [More....] |
The Strenuous Life |
Fortitude |
Let not the magnitude of any
task unman you. Strenuous effort ever brings victory. [More....] |
One's spirit should
not be broken
down by misfortune, adversity or defeat. [More....] |
On Learning |
On Being Unlettered |
The first thing laid down in
Kural dealing with learning is the duty of relating one's conduct to one's knowledge. [More....] |
The Tamil classics lay very
great emphasis on education. [More....] |
Knowledge Through Listening |
On Friendship |
Knowledge
acquired or confirmed by listening to the teachings and
expeditions of learned men was a
major division of learning in our ancient system.
[More....] |
The Friendship of men of
character is like the young moon which grows as the days pass. [More....] |
Folly |
Guard Against Deceivers |
The biggest folly among follies
is to cherish a desire for a prohibited object. [More....] |
Protection against the heat of
the sun is good. So also is water good. [More....] |
A
Warning |
On
Lust And Wine And Gambling |
The
Wife is generally treated with great consideration in Kural.
[More....] |
Thirty
Kural couplets are devoted to warning men against lust, wine and
gambling.
[More....] |
On
The Art Of Healing |
Self
Respect |
Make a careful
diagnosis, discover the true cause of the disease, think out the
proper remedy, and apply it effectively:
[More....] |
When
you have wealth, cultivate humility; when your means are
straitened, then it is that you should hold your head high:
[More....] |
Glory |
Looking
After The Tribe |
Glory
consists in wealth of spirit. To decide to live though devoid of
it is inglorious:
[More....] |
The
Tamil classics lay great stress on the duty of conserving the
affection of relatives and dependents.
[More....] |
Niggardliness |
Repugnance
To Evil |
When
wealth is neither enjoyed by oneself nor given to deserving
persons, the possessor becomes a disease to society:
[More....] |
The
quick and instinctive shrinking from wrong and improper actions is
one of the essential elements of good character.
[More....] |
Unscrupulous
Men |
On
Agriculture |
Strange
indeed is the complete physical resemblance of the unscrupulous to
the human species.
[More....] |
Many
other industries may be taken up, but ultimately the world depends
on agriculture.
[More....] |
On
Poverty |
Labour |
Poverty is vividly described in this
verse
[More...] |
If the world were so ordered that one of it
inhabitants must live in dependence and on the mercy of others.
[More....] |
The
Prosperous State |
Action |
A Prince will be a lion among
princes whose State has an adequate army.
[More....] |
In every action there are the three
elements of loss, acquisition a nd value.
[More...] |
Judging
The Time |
Tactics |
Is there anything impossible if the
right means are adopted and the right hour is chosen?
[More....] |
Till you find the place suitable for
surrounding the opposing force, do not begin your attack.
[More....] |
Choosing
The Executive |
Good
Ministers |
Before entrusting a man with power,
test his loyalty by putting him through trials in respect of his
attachment to life, religion, wealth and pleasure.
[More....] |
The king's ministers are his
eyes. So he should choose them with circumspection.
[More...] |
Good
Birth |
Nobility |
To be born in a good family is
useful qualification.
[More....] |
As non-killing is the most
important element in the ascetic's duties, abstention is also .,
[more....] |
Just
Rule |
Oppression
And Misrule |
All dharma and all the codes of
teacher are ultimately dependent on the king's good government:
[More.....] |
The oppressive king who misgoverns
is a worse sinner than the murderer.
[More....] |
Penalties |
The
Good Minister |
The principles of punishment are
tersely put in the following verses.
[More....] |
A Minister should be resolute in
action, have the welfare of the people at heart.
[More....] |
Resoluteness |
On
Spies |
'Okkam' is the quality of mind which
shows itself eagerness for action without weakening or
wavering.
[More....] |
The departments of spies was in the
old day considered one of the most important branches of the
public service.
[More...] |
The
Art Of Persuasion |
Assembly
Work |
Tiru-Valluvar lays down that power
of expression is an essential qualification for a successful councilor.
[More....] |
The minister had to deal not only
with the king but with a council that sat to deliberate on
affairs.
[More....] |
The
Moral Law |
The
Dangers Of The Palace |
Kural insists on the moral law being
followed in acts of State.
[More....] |
These are precepts for those whose
work keeps them near kings, telling them how to escape the dangers
of courts.
[More....] |
A
Prosperous Nation |
Fortifications |
The requisites for prosperous State
are industrious producers.
[More....] |
Fortifications are as important for
the prince who, confidents of his strength, sets out on aggressive
operation,
[More....] |
A
Well Filled Exchequer |
Efficiency
In Action |
There is nothing so effective as
wealth, which has the quality of giving worth even to worthless
men:
[More]
|
We have here couplets dealing with
the principle to be observed by an efficient minister
[More....] |
The
Offensive |
The
Army |
The chapter of Kural devoted to
aggressive action by princes displays remarkable practical wisdom,
[More....] |
Among all that a State should
possess the most important is good army.
[More...] |
Valour |
About
Envoys And Messengers |
In beautiful relief against the
general did acetic style of Kural, here and there we land n
sparkling poetry.
[More....] |
The qualification essential for a successful
envoy are an affectionate temperament.
[More....] |
Enemies |
On
Citizenship |
Even in jest do not entertain the
wish to make an enemy of any one.
[More...] |
Kidseyal vogal is how to be a good
citizen.
[More....] |