AMRITSAR  
The Citadel of Sikhism

The second Guru by name Angada invented the Gurumukhi alphabet and it was accepted as the best script for the Sikh literature. Then came Amar Das, who unified the followers with the institution of common kitchen, called Langar. As it abolished the caste system among the followers, it brought in a major change in the character of Sikh community. Solidarity at the grass root level was achieved by this farsighted measure. Credit goes to fourth Guru Ramdas, who founded the city of Amritsar, and it was known by the name 'Chak' then. The famous temple in the midst of a big lake was his innovation. Grateful community named Amristar as Ramdaspur after him. He is also responsible for establishing Sikh congregations throughout the country with Amristar as the Mecca. Guru Arjun Singh, the fifth in the line compiled the Adigranth - the core of the present Granth Sahib and virtually became the secular and spiritual head of the Sikhs by necessity, but it roused animosity in Jehangir, the ruling Moghul emperor.

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