According to this
vision of the universe, the Hindu sages looked upon all progress in human history as an
aspect of the progress they saw in the order of creation. That is, it has to be judged by
the degree of the pre- dominance of spirit over matter. All civilizations have, therefore,
to be estimated according to a scale of spiritual values. The writers of our Puranas picturesquely describe the different ages of
the world according as the Cow of Dharma or righteousness walked on four legs or three or
two or one. The authors of our epics were not carried away by the splendor, wealth and
power and the scientific efficiency of civilizations, such as those of Ravana and
Duryodhana.
The true progress of nations, according to their standard, is
moral and spiritual progress, a step in the direction of God and not in the reverse
direction of the brute and the monster. That was the lesson they wanted to impress on the
imagination of India by their wonderful stories of Rama and Ravana of
Yudhishthira and
Duryodhana.
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