Hinduism is neither
Pantheism nor Deism. Pantheism is a philosophic theory that assumes that this universe of
ours is of God it is a half-truth like Deism, another philosophic theory, that assumes
that God is entirely outside His creation. Pantheism emphasizes the immanence of God to
the exclusion of His transcendence, while Deism emphasizes the transcendence of God to the
exclusion of His immanence. Hinduism rejects both these extremes. According to it God is both transcendent and immanent. He is in the
world and also beyond it. He is its material cause as well as its efficient cause. He is
both the clay and the potter. Hindu scriptures therefore compare the world to a spider's
web, the threads of which come out of the spider itself. However the web is not the
spider.
Similarly the world is not God. The finite reveals the infinite, but it does not exhaust
the infinite. The God of the Gita says that the whole universe fives in Him, but not He in
it.
Also, while admitting that all things are divine, Hinduism
recognizes that some things reveal God more than others. A plant is more divine than a
stone, or animal is more divine than a plant, a mice is more divine than an animal, a good
man is more divine than a bad man. Thus, from the lowest to the highest, all are in God,
but all are not equally divine.
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